This is a report for the insert benchmark with 400M docs and 20 client(s). It is generated by scripts (bash, awk, sed) and Tufte might not be impressed. An overview of the insert benchmark is here and a short update is here. Below, by DBMS, I mean DBMS+version.config. An example is my8020.c10b40 where my means MySQL, 8020 is version 8.0.20 and c10b40 is the name for the configuration file.
The test server is c2-standard-60 from GCP with 30 cores, hyperthreading disabled, 240G RAM and 3T of NVMe storage. The benchmark was run with 20 clients and there were 1 or 2 connections per client (1 for queries, 1 for inserts). The benchmark loads 400M rows without secondary indexes, creates secondary indexes, loads another 400M rows then does 3 read+write tests for 1800 seconds each that do queries as fast as possible with 100, 500 and then 1000 writes/second/client concurrent with the queries. There was one table per client. The database is cached by the OS page cache but not the storage engine. Clients and the DBMS share one server. The per-database configs are in the per-database subdirectories here.
The tested DBMS are:
The numbers are inserts/s for l.i0 and l.i1, indexed docs (or rows) /s for l.x and queries/s for q*.2. The values are the average rate over the entire test for inserts (IPS) and queries (QPS). The range of values for IPS and QPS is split into 3 parts: bottom 25%, middle 50%, top 25%. Values in the bottom 25% have a red background, values in the top 25% have a green background and values in the middle have no color. A gray background is used for values that can be ignored because the DBMS did not sustain the target insert rate. Red backgrounds are not used when the minimum value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | l.i0 | l.x | l.i1 | q100.1 | q500.1 | q1000.1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 644122 | 1581423 | 174749 | 61244 | 59785 | 57898 |
400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 616333 | 1667083 | 182149 | 73841 | 72039 | 70001 |
This table has relative throughput, throughput for the DBMS relative to the DBMS in the first line, using the absolute throughput from the previous table.
dbms | l.i0 | l.x | l.i1 | q100.1 | q500.1 | q1000.1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.96 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.21 |
This lists the average rate of inserts/s for the tests that do inserts concurrent with queries. For such tests the query rate is listed in the table above. The read+write tests are setup so that the insert rate should match the target rate every second. Cells that are not at least 95% of the target have a red background to indicate a failure to satisfy the target.
dbms | q100.1 | q500.1 | q1000.1 |
---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 1976 | 9885 | 19769 |
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 1977 | 9879 | 19769 |
target | 2000 | 10000 | 20000 |
l.i0: load without secondary indexes. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.
Average throughput:
Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For the max column values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 4.947 | 87.884 | 7.129 | 0.005 | 0.031 | 0.004 | 0.333 | ||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.458 | 92.149 | 7.324 | 0.027 | 0.039 | 0.003 | 0.330 |
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 644122 0 0 0.0 812.5 243.7 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.387 587391 63.4 0.912 30 12.8 13.2 NA 0.333 32964 17381 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 616333 0 0 0.0 618.8 145.2 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.241 494471 63.5 0.802 31 12.7 13.3 3.8 0.330 32680 18967 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
l.x: create secondary indexes.
Average throughput:
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 1581423 0 3 0.2 799.8 231.1 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.150 5534 58.8 0.003 11 26.9 27.3 NA 0.002 NA NA 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 1667083 0 3 0.2 631.0 182.2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.112 6288 56.6 0.004 10 27.0 27.5 6.5 0.019 NA NA 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
l.i1: continue load after secondary indexes created. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.
Average throughput:
Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For the max column values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.127 | 15.710 | 84.128 | 0.016 | 0.016 | 0.003 | 0.431 | ||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.029 | 12.148 | 87.759 | 0.040 | 0.021 | 0.003 | 0.372 |
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 174749 0 19 4.1 792.3 234.9 0.000 0.024 0.005 1.377 151925 33.1 0.869 57 59.3 60.7 NA 0.431 8794 6693 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 182149 0 15 4.1 664.8 148.6 0.000 0.023 0.004 0.836 147577 37.1 0.810 61 59.7 61.5 5.1 0.372 9149 7045 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q100.1: range queries with 100 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.
Average throughput:
Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 5.224 | 94.769 | 0.007 | nonzero | nonzero | 0.046 | |||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 53.105 | 46.890 | 0.005 | nonzero | nonzero | 0.031 |
Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.525 | 97.300 | 2.154 | 0.021 | 0.024 | ||||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.117 | 99.219 | 0.662 | 0.001 | 0.017 |
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 1976 61244 0 0.0 25.5 7.2 0.000 0.000 0.013 3.742 251904 64.5 4.113 316 56.1 58.1 NA 0.046 3070 2830 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 1977 73841 0 0.0 26.3 4.1 0.000 0.000 0.013 2.123 285700 65.9 3.869 268 56.1 58.3 5.1 0.031 3708 3469 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q500.1: range queries with 500 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.
Average throughput:
Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 3.640 | 96.320 | 0.040 | 0.001 | nonzero | 0.055 | |||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 46.787 | 53.185 | 0.028 | 0.001 | nonzero | 0.030 |
Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.113 | 18.284 | 80.382 | 1.221 | 0.046 | ||||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.254 | 51.155 | 48.517 | 0.074 | 0.025 |
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 9885 59785 0 0.0 61.0 17.8 0.000 0.000 0.006 1.843 240743 65.7 4.027 330 57.4 57.7 NA 0.055 3021 2781 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 9879 72039 0 0.0 54.8 8.8 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.910 276629 67.0 3.840 279 57.5 58.0 5.3 0.030 3644 3373 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q1000.1: range queries with 1000 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.
Average throughput:
Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 2.364 | 97.564 | 0.071 | 0.001 | nonzero | 0.055 | |||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 39.104 | 60.847 | 0.048 | 0.001 | nonzero | 0.031 |
Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.
dbms | 256us | 1ms | 4ms | 16ms | 64ms | 256ms | 1s | 4s | 16s | gt | max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.104 | 23.457 | 75.627 | 0.812 | 0.044 | ||||||
fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 | 0.058 | 32.869 | 66.808 | 0.265 | 0.051 |
Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 19769 57898 0 0.0 119.0 35.7 0.000 0.000 0.006 1.850 226975 67.7 3.920 351 60.2 61.0 NA 0.055 2926 2701 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 19769 70001 0 0.0 101.2 20.3 0.000 0.000 0.005 1.052 262886 68.9 3.755 295 60.0 61.1 5.2 0.031 3532 3244 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
l.i0: load without secondary indexes
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 644122 0 0 0.0 812.5 243.7 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.387 587391 63.4 0.912 30 12.8 13.2 NA 0.333 32964 17381 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 616333 0 0 0.0 618.8 145.2 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.241 494471 63.5 0.802 31 12.7 13.3 3.8 0.330 32680 18967 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
l.x: create secondary indexes
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 1581423 0 3 0.2 799.8 231.1 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.150 5534 58.8 0.003 11 26.9 27.3 NA 0.002 NA NA 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 1667083 0 3 0.2 631.0 182.2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.112 6288 56.6 0.004 10 27.0 27.5 6.5 0.019 NA NA 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
l.i1: continue load after secondary indexes created
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 174749 0 19 4.1 792.3 234.9 0.000 0.024 0.005 1.377 151925 33.1 0.869 57 59.3 60.7 NA 0.431 8794 6693 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 182149 0 15 4.1 664.8 148.6 0.000 0.023 0.004 0.836 147577 37.1 0.810 61 59.7 61.5 5.1 0.372 9149 7045 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q100.1: range queries with 100 insert/s per client
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 1976 61244 0 0.0 25.5 7.2 0.000 0.000 0.013 3.742 251904 64.5 4.113 316 56.1 58.1 NA 0.046 3070 2830 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 1977 73841 0 0.0 26.3 4.1 0.000 0.000 0.013 2.123 285700 65.9 3.869 268 56.1 58.3 5.1 0.031 3708 3469 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q500.1: range queries with 500 insert/s per client
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 9885 59785 0 0.0 61.0 17.8 0.000 0.000 0.006 1.843 240743 65.7 4.027 330 57.4 57.7 NA 0.055 3021 2781 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 9879 72039 0 0.0 54.8 8.8 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.910 276629 67.0 3.840 279 57.5 58.0 5.3 0.030 3644 3373 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
q1000.1: range queries with 1000 insert/s per client
Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.
ips qps rps rmbps wps wmbps rpq rkbpq wpi wkbpi csps cpups cspq cpupq dbgb1 dbgb2 rss maxop p50 p99 tag 19769 57898 0 0.0 119.0 35.7 0.000 0.000 0.006 1.850 226975 67.7 3.920 351 60.2 61.0 NA 0.055 2926 2701 400m.fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 19769 70001 0 0.0 101.2 20.3 0.000 0.000 0.005 1.052 262886 68.9 3.755 295 60.0 61.1 5.2 0.031 3532 3244 400m.fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Insert response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 0.000 4.947 87.884 7.129 0.005 0.031 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.333 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 0.000 0.458 92.149 7.324 0.027 0.039 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.330 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
TODO - determine whether there is data for create index response time
Insert response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 0.000 0.127 15.710 84.128 0.016 0.016 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.431 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 0.000 0.029 12.148 87.759 0.040 0.021 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.372 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Query response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 5.224 94.769 0.007 nonzero nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.046 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 53.105 46.890 0.005 nonzero nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.031 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Insert response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 0.000 0.525 97.300 2.154 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.024 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 0.000 0.117 99.219 0.662 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.017 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Query response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 3.640 96.320 0.040 0.001 nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 46.787 53.185 0.028 0.001 nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.030 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Insert response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 0.000 0.113 18.284 80.382 1.221 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.046 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 0.000 0.254 51.155 48.517 0.074 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.025 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Query response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 2.364 97.564 0.071 0.001 nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 39.104 60.847 0.048 0.001 nonzero 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.031 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60
Insert response time histogram
256us 1ms 4ms 16ms 64ms 256ms 1s 4s 16s gt max tag 0.000 0.104 23.457 75.627 0.812 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.044 fbmy5635_rel.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60 0.000 0.058 32.869 66.808 0.265 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.051 fbmy8028_rel_native_lto.cy9c4g_gcp_c2s60