Introduction

This is a report for the insert benchmark with 20M docs and 1 client(s). It is generated by scripts (bash, awk, sed) and Tufte might not be impressed. An overview of the insert benchmark is here and a short update is here. Below, by DBMS, I mean DBMS+version.config. An example is my8020.c10b40 where my means MySQL, 8020 is version 8.0.20 and c10b40 is the name for the configuration file.

The test server has 8 AMD cores, 16G RAM and an NVMe SSD. It is described here as the Beelink. The benchmark was run with 1 client and there were 1 or 2 connections per client (1 for queries, 1 for inserts). The benchmark loads 20M rows without secondary indexes, creates secondary indexes, loads another 20M rows then does 3 read+write tests for one hour each that do queries as fast as possible with 100, 500 and then 1000 writes/second/client concurrent with the queries. There is one table per client. The database is cached by the OS page cache but not by the storage engine. Clients and the DBMS share one server. The per-database configs are in the per-database subdirectories here.

The tested DBMS are:


Contents


Summary

The numbers are inserts/s for l.i0 and l.i1, indexed docs (or rows) /s for l.x and queries/s for q*.2. The values are the average rate over the entire test for inserts (IPS) and queries (QPS). The range of values for IPS and QPS is split into 3 parts: bottom 25%, middle 50%, top 25%. Values in the bottom 25% have a red background, values in the top 25% have a green background and values in the middle have no color. A gray background is used for values that can be ignored because the DBMS did not sustain the target insert rate. Red backgrounds are not used when the minimum value is within 80% of the max value.

dbmsl.i0l.xl.i1q100.1q500.1q1000.1
20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g 766288008029112252524562418
20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g 749067077529112259224182425
20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g 778218137629498256624562465

This table has relative throughput, throughput for the DBMS relative to the DBMS in the first line, using the absolute throughput from the previous table.

dbmsl.i0l.xl.i1q100.1q500.1q1000.1
20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g 1.001.001.001.001.001.00
20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g 0.980.881.001.030.981.00
20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g 1.021.021.011.021.001.02

This lists the average rate of inserts/s for the tests that do inserts concurrent with queries. For such tests the query rate is listed in the table above. The read+write tests are setup so that the insert rate should match the target rate every second. Cells that are not at least 95% of the target have a red background to indicate a failure to satisfy the target.

dbmsq100.1q500.1q1000.1
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g100499998
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g100499998
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g100499998
target1005001000

l.i0

l.i0: load without secondary indexes. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.

Average throughput:

Image

Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For the max column values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g99.8650.1300.0050.063
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g99.8640.1330.0030.0010.068
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g99.8690.1280.0030.0010.065

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
76628	0	0	0.0	37.8	13.0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7522	22.7	0.098	24	0.7	1.8	0.2	0.063	77408	68992	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
74906	0	0	0.0	36.8	12.7	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7404	21.6	0.099	23	0.7	1.8	0.3	0.068	75610	68421	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
77821	0	0	0.0	38.1	13.2	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7656	23.3	0.098	24	0.7	1.8	0.2	0.065	78614	71619	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.x

l.x: create secondary indexes.

Average throughput:

Image

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
80080	0	0	0.0	32.6	12.2	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.156	246	12.7	0.003	13	1.5	2.5	1.3	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
70775	0	0	0.0	27.7	10.7	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.155	223	12.7	0.003	14	1.5	2.5	1.3	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
81376	0	0	0.0	32.1	12.4	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.156	244	12.7	0.003	12	1.5	2.5	1.2	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.i1

l.i1: continue load after secondary indexes created. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.

Average throughput:

Image

Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For the max column values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g99.8260.1710.0030.0010.077
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g99.8270.1690.0040.063
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g99.8270.1690.003nonzero0.081

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
29112	0	9	1.1	73.6	29.0	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.021	6123	28.8	0.210	79	2.9	4.6	1.3	0.077	28731	25870	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
29112	0	9	1.1	73.0	28.9	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.017	6100	29.0	0.210	80	3.0	4.8	1.3	0.063	28817	25881	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
29498	0	9	1.1	75.0	29.6	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.027	6221	28.9	0.211	78	2.9	4.7	1.3	0.081	29233	26121	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q100.1

q100.1: range queries with 100 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.

Average throughput:

Image

Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g0.96999.0300.0010.004
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g1.10598.8940.001nonzero0.029
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g1.26998.7310.0010.003

Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g99.4440.5560.009
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g99.5830.4170.009
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g99.6670.3330.009

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
100	2525	0	0.0	3.8	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.038	2.369	9752	13.1	3.862	415	2.8	4.6	1.7	0.004	2511	2397	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
100	2592	0	0.0	4.0	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.040	3.115	10014	13.3	3.864	411	2.8	4.6	1.6	0.029	2589	2445	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
100	2566	0	0.0	3.8	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.038	2.201	9911	13.3	3.862	415	2.8	4.6	1.6	0.003	2557	2429	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q500.1

q500.1: range queries with 500 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.

Average throughput:

Image

Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g1.14598.855nonzero0.003
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g1.02198.979nonzero0.002
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g0.90199.099nonzerononzero0.005

Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g99.6670.3330.009
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g99.7440.2560.008
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g99.7220.2780.009

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
499	2456	0	0.0	3.7	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.569	9559	13.1	3.893	427	2.9	4.8	1.5	0.003	2445	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
499	2418	0	0.0	3.6	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.406	9420	13.1	3.896	433	2.9	4.8	1.5	0.002	2413	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
499	2456	0	0.0	3.7	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.568	9561	13.3	3.892	433	2.9	4.8	1.4	0.005	2445	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q1000.1

q1000.1: range queries with 1000 insert/s per client. Graphs for performance per 1-second interval are here.

Average throughput:

Image

Query response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g0.95799.042nonzerononzero0.005
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g1.00798.992nonzero0.003
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g1.11798.883nonzero0.003

Insert response time histogram: each cell has the percentage of responses that take <= the time in the header and max is the max response time in seconds. For max values in the top 25% of the range have a red background and in the bottom 25% of the range have a green background. The red background is not used when the min value is within 80% of the max value.

dbms256us1ms4ms16ms64ms256ms1s4s16sgtmax
fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g99.7250.2750.013
fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g99.7000.2970.0030.016
fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g99.7610.2390.011

Performance metrics for the DBMS listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
998	2418	0	0.0	5.1	0.8	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.844	9519	14.1	3.936	466	3.1	3.2	1.4	0.005	2413	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
998	2425	0	0.0	5.2	0.9	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.878	9550	14.2	3.937	468	3.1	3.2	1.4	0.003	2429	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
998	2465	0	0.0	5.0	0.8	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.796	9697	14.1	3.934	458	3.1	3.2	1.3	0.003	2461	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.i0

l.i0: load without secondary indexes

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
76628	0	0	0.0	37.8	13.0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7522	22.7	0.098	24	0.7	1.8	0.2	0.063	77408	68992	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
74906	0	0	0.0	36.8	12.7	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7404	21.6	0.099	23	0.7	1.8	0.3	0.068	75610	68421	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
77821	0	0	0.0	38.1	13.2	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.174	7656	23.3	0.098	24	0.7	1.8	0.2	0.065	78614	71619	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.x

l.x: create secondary indexes

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
80080	0	0	0.0	32.6	12.2	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.156	246	12.7	0.003	13	1.5	2.5	1.3	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
70775	0	0	0.0	27.7	10.7	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.155	223	12.7	0.003	14	1.5	2.5	1.3	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
81376	0	0	0.0	32.1	12.4	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.156	244	12.7	0.003	12	1.5	2.5	1.2	0.007	NA	NA	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.i1

l.i1: continue load after secondary indexes created

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
29112	0	9	1.1	73.6	29.0	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.021	6123	28.8	0.210	79	2.9	4.6	1.3	0.077	28731	25870	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
29112	0	9	1.1	73.0	28.9	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.017	6100	29.0	0.210	80	3.0	4.8	1.3	0.063	28817	25881	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
29498	0	9	1.1	75.0	29.6	0.000	0.038	0.003	1.027	6221	28.9	0.211	78	2.9	4.7	1.3	0.081	29233	26121	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q100.1

q100.1: range queries with 100 insert/s per client

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
100	2525	0	0.0	3.8	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.038	2.369	9752	13.1	3.862	415	2.8	4.6	1.7	0.004	2511	2397	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
100	2592	0	0.0	4.0	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.040	3.115	10014	13.3	3.864	411	2.8	4.6	1.6	0.029	2589	2445	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
100	2566	0	0.0	3.8	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.038	2.201	9911	13.3	3.862	415	2.8	4.6	1.6	0.003	2557	2429	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q500.1

q500.1: range queries with 500 insert/s per client

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
499	2456	0	0.0	3.7	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.569	9559	13.1	3.893	427	2.9	4.8	1.5	0.003	2445	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
499	2418	0	0.0	3.6	0.2	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.406	9420	13.1	3.896	433	2.9	4.8	1.5	0.002	2413	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
499	2456	0	0.0	3.7	0.3	0.000	0.000	0.007	0.568	9561	13.3	3.892	433	2.9	4.8	1.4	0.005	2445	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q1000.1

q1000.1: range queries with 1000 insert/s per client

Performance metrics for all DBMS, not just the ones listed above. Some are normalized by throughput, others are not. Legend for results is here.

ips	qps	rps	rmbps	wps	wmbps	rpq	rkbpq	wpi	wkbpi	csps	cpups	cspq	cpupq	dbgb1	dbgb2	rss	maxop	p50	p99	tag
998	2418	0	0.0	5.1	0.8	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.844	9519	14.1	3.936	466	3.1	3.2	1.4	0.005	2413	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
998	2425	0	0.0	5.2	0.9	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.878	9550	14.2	3.937	468	3.1	3.2	1.4	0.003	2429	2253	20m.fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
998	2465	0	0.0	5.0	0.8	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.796	9697	14.1	3.934	458	3.1	3.2	1.3	0.003	2461	2301	20m.fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.i0

Insert response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.000	0.000	99.865	0.130	0.005	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.063	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.864	0.133	0.003	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.068	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.869	0.128	0.003	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.065	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

l.x

TODO - determine whether there is data for create index response time


l.i1

Insert response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.000	0.000	99.826	0.171	0.003	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.077	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.827	0.169	0.004	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.063	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.827	0.169	0.003	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.081	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q100.1

Query response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.969	99.030	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.004	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
1.105	98.894	0.001	0.000	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.029	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
1.269	98.731	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

Insert response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.000	0.000	99.444	0.556	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.009	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.583	0.417	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.009	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.667	0.333	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.009	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q500.1

Query response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
1.145	98.855	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
1.021	98.979	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.002	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.901	99.099	nonzero	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.005	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

Insert response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.000	0.000	99.667	0.333	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.009	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.744	0.256	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.008	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.722	0.278	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.009	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

q1000.1

Query response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.957	99.042	nonzero	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.005	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
1.007	98.992	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
1.117	98.883	nonzero	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g

Insert response time histogram

256us	1ms	4ms	16ms	64ms	256ms	1s	4s	16s	gt	max	tag
0.000	0.000	99.725	0.275	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.013	fbmy5635_rel_withdbg.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.700	0.297	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.016	fbmy5635_rel_o2.cay9c1g
0.000	0.000	99.761	0.239	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.011	fbmy5635_rel.cay9c1g